Endocrine Moderate Severity

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Adults Both Reviewed by Quick Care Medical Team
Overview Symptoms Causes Prevention Treatment

Overview

Type 2 diabetes is a metabolic condition where the body does not use insulin effectively and blood glucose remains high. It develops gradually and can stay unnoticed for a long time.

How it affects the body:

  • High glucose damages blood vessels and nerves over years.
  • Increases risk of heart attack and stroke.
  • Can harm kidneys, eyes, and feet without regular monitoring.

Symptoms

Common symptoms:

These signs often develop gradually, so regular screening is important for high-risk adults.

  • Frequent urination
  • Increased thirst
  • Unexplained fatigue
  • Blurred vision
  • Slow-healing cuts and frequent infections

Causes

Major contributors:

The condition usually results from a long interaction between genetics and lifestyle factors.

  • Insulin resistance linked to excess body weight
  • Family history of diabetes
  • Low physical activity
  • Unhealthy dietary patterns
  • Increasing age and metabolic syndrome

Prevention

Risk reduction steps:

Even modest weight loss and routine activity can significantly reduce risk.

  • Keep body weight in a healthy range.
  • Build meals around vegetables, fiber, and lean protein.
  • Reduce refined carbohydrates and sugary snacks.
  • Stay physically active most days of the week.
  • Screen glucose and HbA1c if high-risk.

Treatment

Treatment includes meal planning, physical activity, glucose monitoring, and medicines such as metformin or other glucose-lowering agents based on clinical need.

Some patients require insulin later in disease progression.

Trusted sources: WHO Diabetes Fact Sheet, CDC Diabetes Basics, American Diabetes Association guidance.

Quick Facts
Category Endocrine
Severity Moderate
Age Group Adults
Gender Both
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